Light Brings Salt

 

Volume 2, Issue 46                                                                        December 05, 2004

Iron Range Bible Church

Dedicated to the Systematic Exposition of the Word of God

 

 

 

Grace in the Book of Romans Part 2
Roy L. Aldrich

The following is the second part of the study we began last week by Roy L. Aldrich on the subject of grace in Romans.  Read carefully!                

Father Abraham

After the original apostasy of the nations described in Romans chapter 1, God began to reveal Himself anew through Abraham. An unconditional covenant of blessing (Abrahamic Covenant) was made with this man, and he became the father of a new race. He became the father of the Jews, but he became also the spiritual father of all who would believe, of both Jews and Gentiles. He became the pattern man-of-faith for all who would believe, after him. He is “father Abraham” to believing Gentiles as well as to believing Jews. Note how this truth is emphasized in Romans four : “Abraham, our forefather,” vs. 1; “father of all them that believe,” vs. 11; “father Abraham,” vs. 12; “father of us all,” vs. 16; “father of many nations,” vss. 17, 18.

Having established that Abraham is the pattern man for salvation, Paul proceeds to show that the righteousness of Abraham is an imputed righteousness-the same kind of righteousness which is the heart of the gospel. This is done in five steps: (1) By recalling Abraham’s experience, vss. 1–5. Genesis 15:6 is quoted to show that Abraham received an imputed righteousness by believing God. This righteousness was not the just reward of works or merit, but entirely apart from works and therefore by grace. (2) By showing that the greatest of Abraham’s seed, David, was also saved by an imputed righteousness apart from works, vss. 6–8. (3) By showing that justification is apart from ordinances, vss. 9–12. Abraham was justified before he was circumcised. Thus he becomes a fitting pattern man-of-faith for the uncircumcised as well as the circumcised. (4) By showing that justification is apart from the law, vss. 13–16. Heirship to the promise of blessing is of faith by grace, in order that the promise might be sure. It is the principle of grace and of grace alone, that can make the promise sure; for grace throws the responsibility upon the character of God, and not on the character or behavior of men. (5) Finally, Paul shows that the faith of Abraham is the same as the faith of the gospel, vss. 17–25. Abraham believed in the God of resurrection and received an imputed righteousness. We likewise receive an imputed righteousness, “if we believe on him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead,” vs. 24.

The conclusion of all this is evident. Abraham is “father Abraham” for salvation to both Jews and Gentiles. The righteousness that saved Abraham was an imputed righteousness. The righteousness that saves us is therefore an imputed righteousness received by faith and therefore on the principle of grace. Grace originated the promise to Abraham, and grace makes the promise sure to him and his seed by faith.

Standing in Grace.

If we were attempting to give an exposition of Romans 5:1–11, this section would doubtless be called, “The Results of Justification.” However, as we have in mind primarily the subject of grace, this section can be well designated, “Standing in Grace.” This expression is taken from the second verse and is usually thought of as one of the results of justification. It is true that we stand in grace because we have been justified, but, as has already been noted, we are justified by grace. Therefore the ultimate explanation of our standing in grace, is grace.

What it means to stand in grace would involve an exposition of what it means to be “in Christ,” with all the security and blessings of that position. Such a study cannot be attempted here, but the simple meaning of the believer standing in grace should be noted. The sinner is not saved by grace to be placed under law, but is saved by grace to be placed under grace. Having been saved by grace, the believer’s continued standing before God is on the one foundation of grace. This is the only foundation upon which the believer could continue to stand before a holy God. If the believer did not stand in grace the slightest sin of omission or commission would be his undoing. The believer stands in the unlimited, changeless, and eternal favor of God. “To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved” (Eph 1:6).

That the believer stands in grace is further emphasized by the argument of Romans 5:6–11. Christ died for us when we were without strength, ungodly, sinners, his enemies. Surely now that we are “justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him.” If God’s loving favor to the hell deserving prompted their salvation, surely that same loving favor is a sufficient guarantee of their safe-keeping, now that in Christ they are no longer hell deserving but justified. Grace is the rock upon which is built the doctrine of the eternal security of the saints.

Grace Reigns by Jesus Christ

The teaching of Romans 5:12–21 is simplified by looking at its broader outline first rather than its details. The passage teaches that there are just two races in the world. There is the race of the first man (Adam), of which Adam is the federal head, and there is the race of the second man (Christ), of which Christ is the federal head. Cf. 1 Cor 15:45. The key expression of this portion of Scripture is “by one” or “of one.” These phrases or their equivalent occur twelve times in Romans 5:12–21. The truth involved in these expressions is simply this: That all unsaved men stand under condemnation before God because of the one act of sin on the part of Adam, the federal head of the race. On the other hand, all saved men stand uncondemned before God solely on the basis of the one act of righteousness performed by the last Adam, or Christ.

In the race of the first Adam, death reigns, vss. 13, 14; judgment is unto condemnation, vs. 16; and many have been made sinners, vs. 19. In the race of the last Adam, life reigns, vs. 17; there is justification, vs. 18; and many have been made righteous, vs. 19.  A race is lost in Adam while another race is saved in Christ, but both on the same principle of imputation. Entirely apart from any consideration of personal merit or demerit, a person is lost because of the one act of disobedience on the part of Adam, and a person is saved because of the one act of righteousness on the part of Christ. The sinner may complain that he is not responsible for a condemnation apart from personal demerit, inherited by imputation from Adam, but the complaint is seen to be unjustified when it is realized he is freely offered a salvation apart from personal merit on the same principle of imputation.

The relationship of all this to the doctrine of grace is evident. Salvation is by the one act of Another. Personal behavior either good or bad does not even enter into the discussion. Grace is therefore the explanation of God’s salvation and not only that, but the only possible explanation. The sinner is saved by grace, he is made to stand in grace, and he is ushered into a new race in Christ where grace reigns as the principle of righteous government. “That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord” (Rom 5:21).

Deliverance under Grace

It has been pointed out in the discussion of the last part of Romans chapter five, that the sinner is justified and eternally uncondemned because of the one act of obedience of Christ. This is all apart from merit or demerit and therefore is of grace. Moreover the believer is ushered into a new race in Christ where grace reigns. All of this leads to the practical question with which chapter six begins, “Shall we continue in sin, that grace may abound?” If abundance of sin has resulted in abundance of grace, then shall we not continue in sin that grace may appear even more abundant?

The answer is an emphatic negative. The question is based upon a wrong conception of the gospel. The gospel is the good news of deliverance from the power of sin as well as from its penalty. This deliverance is not accomplished by obedience to law, or rules, but by further understanding of, and dependence upon, grace, “For sin shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace” (Rom 6:14).

The believer’s victory over sin is the victory of the cross. In Christ the believer is reckoned to have had part in His death and resurrection. He is therefore dead to sin, but alive unto God (see Rom 6:2–11). This does not mean that the sin-nature has been eradicated, but it does mean that the authority of that sin-nature over the believer has been destroyed. He no longer has to obey its desires. This is negative, but on the positive side the believer is alive unto God and therefore responsible to God. As these things are reckoned to be true, practical victory over the power of indwelling sin is experienced. “Even so consider yourselves to be dead to sin, but alive to God in Christ Jesus.” (Rom 6:11).

The believer’s victory over sin, then, is God’s victory over sin, and therefore it is the victory of grace.

The seventh chapter of Romans teaches that the believer is delivered from the law as a means of sanctification. It has already been shown that justification is apart from the law. Now it is shown that, not only does the law fail as a means of victory over sin, but it stirs up the very sins it is designed to prohibit. This is not the fault of the law, which is good, but the fault of the sin-nature. The believer by himself is not only utterly impotent to obey the law, or that which is good, but he finds himself in actual bondage again to sin. “For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do,” (Rom 7:19). Deliverance there is from this wretched condition, but it comes from Another, and not from self. The cry, “Who shall deliver me?” is answered by the name of the Man of grace, “I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord.” This makes emphatic what has already been taught in chapter six. The emphasis is accomplished in chapter seven by excluding any other possible way of victory except through Jesus Christ. Victory over the power of sin, then, is through Jesus Christ by grace, and this is the only possible way of victory.

The eighth chapter of Romans up to verse 13, continues the subject of chapters six and seven. In Romans six there is presented, what might be called, the judicial basis of deliverance from the power of sin. The believer can be free from sin because the old nature was crucified with Christ, while a new life has been provided through His resurrection. As the believer reckons himself to be dead unto sin and alive unto God, he finds practical deliverance is accomplished by the power of the indwelling Spirit. Deliverance from the power of sin has been purchased by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, according to Romans 6, but this deliverance is actually wrought in the believer by the power of the Spirit, according to Romans 8. The righteousness of the law is fulfilled in the one who walks after the Spirit, and the deeds of the body are mortified through the Spirit. It is quite evident that the believer can take no personal credit for a deliverance from the power of sin which is accomplished judicially by Jesus Christ, (our identification with Him) and practically by the power of the Spirit (and the implanted word). Therefore the foundation principle of deliverance from the power of sin is grace and grace alone.