Light Brings Salt

 

Volume 2, Issue 45                                                                        November 28, 2004

Iron Range Bible Church

Dedicated to the Systematic Exposition of the Word of God

 

Grace in the Book of Romans
Roy L. Aldrich

Note:  In my research for the doctrine of Grace that we're working on I ran across an article in one of the Journals, Bib Sac, that I thought some good things to say so will over the next several newsletters present it so that you can see the awesomeness of God's grace for us as Church age believers in Christ from another perspective.  He taught theology in the 30's through the 50's. He was a colleague of L. S. Chafer.   P/T

Introduction.

It has long been recognized that Romans has a peculiar and unique place of importance in the canon of Scripture. Martin Luther wrote:  “Forasmuch as this epistle to the Romans is a light and way unto the whole Scriptures, I think it meet that every Christian man not only know it, by rote and without any book, but also exercise himself therein evermore continually, as with the daily run of the soul.” (Quoted in Romans, W. R. Newell)

Here Luther calls Romans, “a light and way unto the whole Scripture.” Others have expressed the same thought by calling it the pivotal or foundational epistle of the Word of God.

After the fall of man salvation was proclaimed by God in the promise of Gen 3:15-the seed of the woman was to bruise the head of the serpent. As the history of fallen man continues in the Old Testament, God’s salvation is again and again proclaimed; but it is never completely explained. Job desired such an explanation. He asked, “How should man be just with God?” (Job 9:2). Job did not doubt his own salvation. He knew he was saved by faith and declared, “Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him.” Still Job wanted to know how a righteous God could justify sinners. Job believed the fact of salvation but he wanted to know the “how” of salvation.

The explanation that Job desired was not given to him, nor was it given to any other Old Testament saint. The  Old Testament will be examined in vain for the complete explanation of the “how” of salvation. The water of life was there for every thirsty soul, but how God could provide it for sinners was not revealed.

When the New Testament books are examined in their present order, the answer to Job’s question is not immediately given. The four gospels present a fourfold picture of our Lord, and tell of his life, death, and resurrection; but these gospels still do not explain the gospel. In them God’s salvation is proclaimed and the way of salvation is made clear, but the complete “how” of salvation does not appear. The book of Acts is a transitional book. It leads out of Judaism into the freedom of Christianity, but even in this book of evangelism there is no systematic explanation of the gospel.

Romans is next in the New Testament and here for the first time in the Bible God’s salvation is explained. Here for the first time, is found a systematic unfolding of how God can be just and the justifier of the ungodly. The books that follow Romans in the New Testament are built upon it as the foundation. The books that precede Romans in the Bible anticipate Romans for their completeness.

Grace Explains the Order of Doctrine in Romans.

Orthodoxy is not only dependent upon faith in the Bible but it is dependent upon perceiving the correct order of doctrine taught in the Bible. A cart and horse are useful if put together in the right order, but everyone has heard of the proverbial impasse created by putting the cart before the horse. Romans presents in systematic order the great doctrines of God’s salvation. The general division of Romans is quite familiar to every Bible student. The first eight chapters contain the doctrine of salvation from the penalty and power of sin. The last five chapters (twelve to sixteen) contain the teaching of Christian conduct and service. Chapters nine to eleven, inclusive, are parenthetical, explaining the relation of the gospel to Israel.

President Lewis Sperry Chafer points out that a major  distinction between the teachings of law and the teachings of grace is seen in the varying order between the divine blessing and the human obligation.

“When the human obligation is presented first, and the divine blessing is made to depend on the faithful discharge of that obligation, it is of and in conformity with pure law. When the divine blessing is presented first, and the human obligation follows, it is of and in conformity with pure grace.” (From Grace, p. 182 by L.S. Chafer)

It will be seen that the order of doctrine in Romans is the order in conformity with pure grace. The first eight chapters of Romans present the divine blessing, while the last five chapters present the human obligation. This is the correct order of doctrine for Christian experience.

Perhaps the most prevalent error of modern religion is an error in the order of Romans truth. Jude speaks of certain false teachers of the last days as "autumn trees without fruit, doubly dead, uprooted;"  (Jude 12b). Such teachers are evidently those who attempt to produce the fruit of salvation without the root of salvation. They are those who attempt to initiate Christian experience with Romans chapters twelve to sixteen instead of with Romans one to eight.

Romans chapter twelve begins with a gracious exhortation to surrender to God, but this word is to the believer who is already the recipient of the divine blessing of salvation. “I urge you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship.” (Rom 12:1).

It is evident that this verse introduces us, not to the beginning of Christian experience, but to what should be the fruit of Christian experience. The Oxford Group makes the mistake of taking this as the starting point of Christian experience. Surrender is the great word of the Buchmanite, but God cannot be pleased by the surrender of an unregenerate heart. Faith is the one and only condition of salvation in the Bible, and not surrender. The failure of the Buchmanite is a failure in the order of Romans truth and therefore a failure to understand grace.

Romans 12:3–8 presents the human obligation of Christian service. Many believe that, if they try to serve God according to this pattern, they will be saved. They fail to see that service here is the fruit of salvation, not the means of obtaining salvation. Romans 4:5 should first have been studied and believed. The mistake is again a mistake in the order of Romans truth, which is the order of grace.

Romans 13:8–10 presents the human obligation to the exercise of love. The writer was looking at a Sunday School Quarterly sometime ago, which contained a lesson entitled, “Becoming Children of God.” The lesson referred the reader to Matthew 22:34–40 for the explanation of how to become a child of God. This is the passage in which the Lord points out that the two greatest commandments are those concerning love to God and love to one’s neighbor. Love is clearly the greatest of all the virtues, but to teach that love is the condition of salvation is rank heresy. The failure is in putting the human obligation first, instead of the divine blessing.

Enough has been said to show that the order of doctrine in Romans is the order of grace. The divine blessing is first and the human obligation follows. This is the pattern for all the teachings of grace. Only infinite grace can explain a salvation in which God first does everything for the sinner, before the sinner is asked to do anything for God.

The Doctrine of Sin in Romans Excludes Every Remedy but Grace.

When Samuel was sent to the house of Jesse to anoint a king over Israel, he saw first the attractive son, Eliab, and thought, “Surely the Lord’s anointed is before me.” But the LORD said to Samuel, "Do not look at his appearance or at the height of his stature, because I have rejected him; for God sees not as man sees, for man looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart."  (1 Samuel 16:7).

No man, unaided by inspiration, could ever have written Romans 1:18 to 3:20, because this section of Romans is God’s picture of the human heart. Man would look on the outward appearance, but here God looks on the heart and turns nature inside out.

Romans 1:18–32 presents God’s picture of Gentile sin and apostasy. The apostasy of the Gentile world after the time of Noah is in view. The nations turned from the true knowledge of God, which they possessed in the beginning, to complete apostasy. The apostasy began with no thankfulness. It developed through confidence in worldly wisdom. It finally resulted in universal idolatry. See Romans 1:21–23. Those who boasted of their wisdom ended by practicing the most foolish thing possible-idolatry. It is interesting to note that this age, which boasts of its wisdom, will also end in the foolishness of idolatry. Men will bow down to the image of the beast described in Revelation 13.

In the second chapter of Romans the Spirit of God turns the Jew inside out, and shows that on the inside he is no different from the Gentile. The verdict for the Jew is stated in Romans 2:1: “for you who judge practice the same things.  The Jew is not saved because he has the law. He is rather condemned, because he has the law which he does not keep.

Romans 3:9–18 concludes the divine picture of human nature inside out. Here it is shown that all men, both Jews and Gentiles, are under sin. All are without righteousness. All are without spiritual understanding. All are even without spiritual curiosity, for it is said, “There is none that seeks after God.” Such a sinful character results in only sinful conduct. To sum up, God sees nothing good in men, but only that which is essentially sinful in both character and conduct.

What hope is there for man in such a state? The law only condemns. Good works cannot be produced. Man’s only hope is in the mercy and grace of God.

In a Federal court room the judge was passing sentence on a number of offenders who had previously been tried and found guilty. Each one, as he faced the judge at the bar, was given an opportunity to make a statement before sentence was passed. One by one the men would take advantage of this opportunity to try to justify or excuse themselves. Finally, however, one man faced the judge, who said simply: “I’m guilty, Judge. I cast myself upon the mercy of the court.”

God has turned human nature inside out in Romans chapters one to three, in order that men might say, “I am guilty, and I cast myself upon the mercy and grace of God.” If men were logical, this is what they would do, for the doctrine of sin in Romans has excluded every possible remedy except grace.

Grace Is God’s Law of Salvation.

Romans 3:21–31 is the very heart of the doctrinal portion of this important epistle. Here is found the explanation of how God can be just and the justifier of the ungodly. No complete exposition of this passage is attempted, but only enough is said to indicate the relation of grace to this important revelation.

The sinner is saved by receiving the righteousness of God by faith in Jesus Christ. Having received this righteousness, the sinner is declared to be righteous, or is justified. God is free to bestow this righteousness, because Christ has paid on the cross every demand of the law and of the character of God against sin. Christ is therefore the propitiation or the propitiatory sacrifice, and this explanation of the cross shows how God can be a righteous justifier of sinners who believe in Jesus. The righteousness of God which is necessary for salvation is not attained by keeping the law, but is received by faith in Christ. It is not a righteousness to be achieved in any way, but a righteousness to be submitted to by man. In Romans 10:3 Paul points out that the tragic failure of Israel was in trying to establish their own righteousness, instead of “submitting themselves unto the righteousness of God.”

A righteousness which cannot be earned, or merited, or achieved, is necessarily a righteousness which has its source in grace. It is God’s loving-favor to the undeserving, that is the fountain source of justification. This is the clear declaration of Romans 3:24: “Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.” Grace is therefore, God’s law of salvation.

Next week we'll pick up part 2 of this very instructive article.